ok I've typed this multiple times but I'll jump in here real quick anyway.
Depends on your goals to what type of split you use. Everything works, but some methods work better for certain goals. For instance, if you train a muscle group once a week you can train five times a week giving more specialization to each muscle group. This is the method most common for bodybuilders, individuals most concerned with adding mass and bringing out detail. Thing is, these guys aren't the strongest bunch, not saying you can't gain strength off of this split you definately can BUT we have to realize the most efficient method of training for strength is through your motor units not your muscle mass (although adding mass does give you more strength capabilities).
What type of training do motor units progress most efficiently from you ask? Frequent training (important to note training types must vary given each workout of the week). This is what frequency is about when it comes to weight training. You adjust your volume according to the frequency you choose. Before everyone jumps in with there preferred split battle cries, it's important to note you can gain mass and strength off of all of these splits and set and rep schemes play a HUGE role in this. Once muscle group a week, upper lower body split, full body split, now you have the ground work of info you need to have to choose which one is best for you. Whichever one you choose and whatever goals you have, there is a lot more to it than choosing a split, believe it or not I am being really brief in this post. Good luck.
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