HIIT intervals can be up to 90s/ 400m in duration, give or take, and still be maximally anaerobic. People tend to conflate intensity as a function of maximal speed, and int as a function of maximal anaerobic output, but the Tremblay study that got all this started used short (30s-60s) and long (60s-90s) intervals. Which makes sense, as glycolytic-anaerobic metabolism can carry activity for 90-120s of continuous activity. Shorter sprints would be more alactic, which is the "pure power" zone, and the area I tend to keep away from in sprints.
I distinguish the two by perceived exertion. HIIT is a "5" (on a scale of 1-5) in the given time bracket. Think of this as hitting your best time in a given distance; or if using a treadmill etc, your best distance in a given time.
Sub-maximal anaerobic work and straight-up aerobic work would be appx. 3-4 and 2-3 on that scale, respectively.
For general physique purposes I tend to lean more towards extensive tempo runs and occasional long-interval HIIT as opposed to short-interval HIIT unless you have no particular concerns for strength training and/or have some particular need for that kind of endurance.
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