So...
(and this is all guesstimating from the brief history you've given)
You've possibly got:
1) a torn something in your right knee that produces instability when you squat (this could be any of the knee ligaments)
2) a possible torn medial or lateral collateral ligament in your left knee, that still causes intense pain and feelings of instability, and possibly, recurrent latero-medial giving-way, suggestive of a tear.
3) a shoulder dislocation from high school, which (I don't know how far away from high school you are) continues to give you feelings of instability and possibly dislocation.
4) an active occupation which requires climbing ladders and heavy lifting.
I'm going to hazzard a small opinion here and dramatically say that I'm pretty sure becoming able to bench press and squat is the least of your worries right now, despite the high priority it has on your list of things-to-do.
You have a job that requires repetitive loading of your knee joints, while you continue to experience symptoms of instability as well as actual giving way on a number of occasions. From a pseudo-medical point of view (since I'm not actually a doctor yet), knees that give way are indicative of serious injury. If you haven't had an orthopaedic consult/opinion, you should get one ASAP. Recurrent feelings of instability and actual giving way not only comprimise your safety in your job, but also may be precipitating factors in the development of osteoarthritis in the not-so-distant future, which will have long-term and serious consequences to your ability to perform your occupation as well as recreational activities.
So knee-wise, until you know exactly what's wrong with your knees, there is no training that would be recommended that would be "low-impact" or safe that would result in any substantial fitness/return to squatting progress.
The same goes for your shoulder. Shoulder dislocations can be not-so-problematic, depending on their severity. But chronic feelings of instability suggest more than a simple "I popped my shoulder out and it popped back in itself". That "wormy" feeling may be part of your labrum (the membrane that holds the ball of your arm bone in the shoulder socket) torn loose and flapping around in the joint space. So again, all the rehab in the world is not going to do you an iota of good if what you have is a severly torn, unrepaired labrum. Similarly, if you have a torn labrum (and I really don't know if you do, because I've never seen or met you), then there is an inherent structural/mechanical problem that will persist and manifest as instability and thus, you will always be at risk of another dislocation while bench pressing. Get thee to an orthopod.
So, while I appreciate that you do not have the luxury of taking time off for rest and rehabilitation, I would ask you to consider the fact that if you've got what I think you've got, NOT taking the time for REPAIR, rest and rehab means that you will not be doing your job for much longer without development of significant long-term disability and pain.
But of course, I could be completely wrong. I'm not in Iowa =).
Bottom line: The symptoms you describe may be indicative of serious injury in all three of the joints you describe. Go and see a musculoskeletal specialist (whether that's a orthopaedic surgeon, or a sport medicine physician) to determine the extent of these injuries to make sure you are not at risk of becoming incapable of doing your job. THEN you can start planning for those squats and benches.
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